15年戦争資料 @wiki

rabe1月12日

最終更新:

pipopipo555jp

- view
メンバー限定 登録/ログイン

一月十二日


  南京が日本人の手に渡って今日で一ヵ月。私の家から約五十メートルほどはなれた道路には、竹の担架に縛りつけられた中国兵の死体がいまだに転がっている。
  ドイツ、アメリカ、イギリスの大使館を訪ねて、昨日の家捜しを報告し、ローゼン、アリソン氏、プリドー=ブリュン各氏と相談した。この件について、全員の意見が一致した。すなわち、日本の警察は、外国人の建物に入るときには、その国の大使館へ事前に連絡するか、もしくはその国の大使館員を同伴する義務がある、ということだ。

  こうしているあいだに、米の販売が全面的に中断されてしまった! 米だけではない、石炭も安全区に運びこめなくなった。日本軍は塀に貼り紙をして、自分の住居に戻れといっている。肝心の家が焼き払われたり略奪にあったりしていることなんか、てんでおかまいなしなのだ。

  日本人と友好的にやっていくにはどうするかとあれこれ考えた末、あることを思いついた。南京安全区国際委員会を解体して、国際救済委員会を設立し、日本人にも出席してもらうのだ。やってみよう。これがうまくいくかどうかはやってみなければわからない。まずはじめに仲間と各国大使館の人たちに相談しなくてはならない。※

  • ※(引用者注)英語版にはこの2行はないが、独語原著にはあるかもしれない。

p124
Report from the Nanking Office of the German Embassy
(Rosen) to the Foreign Ministry

  Upon our entry in Nanking on 9 January we were greeted by members
of the Japanese embassy by the captain of the gunboat, and by a cavalry Major Hungo from the staff of the garrison commandant. In his welcoming speech, which was translated for us, the latter used the unfortunate and less than tacrful term "obedience" in describing our relationship to the occupying power. The English consul did not, of course, mention this tactlessness in his response, but assured the Japanese of our "cooperation." Then we were brought to the embassy by car, where our countrymen who had remained behind were waiting for us, Herr Rabe at their head. As I was getting into the car, Major Hungo said goodbye to me in German, and also questioned me as to why we had arrived together with the English. I ignored this new bit of tactlessness with a simple "Why not?"

  On 13 January, while driving with Herr Kr6ger beyond the Chung Shan Gate in the area around the Sun Yat-sen mausoleum, we twice encountered officials from the Japanese embassy accompanied by Major Hungo and other officers. They stopped me and claimed I had broken my word, in as much as I had sworn obedience to the Japanese army! Also, I had been told that I was not to drive outside the city under any circumstances.

  In my response to these gentlemen, I pointed out that as a German official I could awear obedience to no other government than my own, and that indeed I had never done so. I added that despite repeated requests for a pass, I had received none and therefore considered myself fully justified in relying upon the flag of the Reich when driving my car outside the city, as I had done on previous occasions without incident. Major Hungo then expressed his amazement that I was "disobedient" in light of German-Japanese friendship based on the Anti-Comintern Pact. At the same time Mr. Hungo and the others pointed photographic equipment at me. Fukuda, the attach6, pulled out pen and paper and composed a confession of guilt that I was then supposed to sign!

  I crossed out the words and noted briefly below that, as before, I am quite willing to offer the Japanese authorities my cooperation, but nothing else, and most certainly not my subordination. I defended my right to my own likeness by stating that I did not yet feel quite ready to be included in a book of mug shots. And in particular I objected to such an overextended application of the Anti-Comintern Pact. If anyone here had the right to question German-Japanese friendship, then surely it was we Germans, given the systematic bombardment of German oflicials on neutral ships and, above al, the Japanese military's repeated and flagrant failure to respect the German flag here in Nanking.

  Since this incident, I have twice been visited by Consul General Okazaki, General Matsui's diplomatic advisor, and, after I had reported to him the previous tactlessness of Mr. Hungo, he expressed his regret over these incidents and others about which I also protested (e.g., the confiscation of a car from the grounds of the Italian embassy only three days before). On that occasion I told Mr. Okazaki that I would be glad to have an opportunity at some point to speak to him about fundamental questions regarding the status of embassy oflicials in Nanking, adding that I could be content with treatment no worse than that shown to the members of the Japanese embassy in Berlin.

  My only previous experience with this method of first constructing one-sided declarations of subservience and then trying to extort confessions of guilt was its use by the Japanese military mission in northern China; but it is in no way applicable for diplomatic representatives of another normal power, Iet alone against one on friendly terms with Japan.

  During this conversation with Mr. Okazaki, which despite the ticklish subject matter took place in a calm and businesslike atmosphere, I established more precise agreements about our future cooperation. I can therefore only hope that with these unpleasant incidents behind us, the performance of my duties and indeed my personal presence will not be regarded by the military as it thus far has been, as a disagreeable disturbance and an unwelcome surveillance of current conditions here.

  There is no objective basis for restrictions on our freedom of movement, nor for foreigners' currently being prohibited from leaving Nan
king itself, but rather these have their basis in the personality of Mr. Hungo, as well as in a desire to cover up atrocities. Nanking is a military base, pure and simple, a conclusion one can draw from the fact that the Japanese have brought along their geishas, whom they apparently view as essential.

  The local population is only too glad to speak a candid word with
Germans and bewail the fate of family members who have been dragged
off. Knowing as I do, on the basis of my experience with the Japanese military in Manchuria, that all-too-easy compliance is regarded as a weakness, I would respectfully ask the Foreign Ministry energetically to support my endeavors.

Rosen

p126
From a Private Letter of Chancellor Scharffenberg
to Legation Councilor Lautenschlager in Hankow

  Upon our arrival and then later again as well over dinner at the Japanese embassy Major Hungo, the son of a fleld marshal, a polished and sedate cavalry officer, asked him [Rosen] why we had arrived together with the English, and he took the question to be tactless, without ever inquiring why it was asked. I assume that Hungo had something special in mind for us Germans.

  It is not Hungo who is tactless, but rather H. R. [Herr Rosen], who in every meeting with the Japanese keeps harping, usually in an offensive tone, on the same old things: the bombardment of Nanking, the artillery shelling of the Whangpu, the dive bombings on 12 December, etc.

  The second confrontation at the Sun Yat-sen mausoleum could have
been avoided if he had listened to the adrice of first engineer Ch. Krdger and driven back into the city after receiving his first warning from Japanese officials and Hungo at the Ming graves. Like a spoiled child, however he angnly refused to do so and mstead obst nately mslsted that they dnve to the golf course. Krdger gave in, unfortunately although he knew that over dinner Hungo had politely but clearly stated that we were not allowed to leave the city without special permission.

  And so a nasty encounter resulted, in which H. R., already furious because of the first warning, carried on like a raving maniac, recited his whole long list of sins committed by the Japanese army navy, and air force, and attempted to assert his total freedom of movement, in particular his right to dnve about without any gendarme along, to visit Lotus Lake, or to leave the city if he liked. Kroger was shocked.


1月12日

  一个月前的今天,南京落人日本人之手。被枪杀的那个中国士兵还没有被掩埋,被绑在一张竹床上,陈尸于离我的住所约50米的街头。早上7时,波茨坦广场(新街口)附近两所房子燃起了熊熊大火,这是日本人惯常的用来暖手的晨火。我们对此已习以为常了,如果火不在离我们很近的地方点燃,我们就感谢造物主了。

  我造访了德国、美国和英国大使馆,同罗森博士先生、阿利森先生和普里多-布龙先生讨论了昨天我们的总部被搜查一事。他们同我在下面这一点上是一致的:在没有事先通知有关大使馆或者在没有大使馆的一个成员的陪同下,日本宪兵是不允许闯入欧洲人的房屋的。在提出要求方面,我比贝茨博士走得还要远些,他的观点写在下面这篇备忘录里。

  今天下午城南发生了新的纵火案,又有一些中国人被杀害。我们向各个大使馆报告了一起特别可怕的事件。在这期间所有大米销售都停止了!既不允许我们往安全区运米又不允许运煤。日本人在安全区内张贴了告示,要求安全区的难民返回他们的住所。住所被烧毁了或者被洗劫了,这并没有被考虑到。

  为了同日本人友好相处,我想出了一个计划。我想解散安全区委员会,成立一个国际救济委员会,在这个委员会里也应有日本代表。我是否会成功,还要等着看。这个建议首先必须同安全区委员会成员和3个大使馆的官员们讨论。


  对抄家、没收和恐吓的态度的建议

  我提出以下建议供批评和讨论:

  这些建议是根据处理有关中国人的事件的经验提出的,这些中国人或者同美国人或美国机构存在有直接的雇佣关系,或者服务于在美国辖区的南京安全区国际委员会。

  这方面的基础是合同、历史事件和习惯法,习惯法允许外国人雇佣中国人并利用他们的劳动而不允许来自第三方的干预和恐吓的发生。在上海和其他地方的日本当局,近几年特别重视维护这些原则以防止对他们自己的职员产生压力。

  1.我们承认有权力在我们的辖区进行被授权的和有秩序的抄家,尤其是如果在这样的抄家之前或同时对理由作出令人满意的解释。

  2.我们不想保护作恶者免受对其行为结果的惩罚,也不想干预对居民进行合法的军事或政治的检查。

  3.我们抗议违法地、没有理由地或强制性地闯入我们的辖区和房屋。

  4.我们抗议任意干预我们在我们美国的辖区合法地建立机构或企业,也抗议强迫拉走我们的中国助手或者对其进行恐吓。

  如果上述最后两个建议在深入的研究之后证明是有理由的,那么在处理可能发生涉及我们的财产和我们的中国人员的事件时,可以把这两个建议作为积极的建议和要求一并加以考虑。

  签名:M.S.贝茨
  1938年1月12日


  事态报告

  188)今天早上,两个按照规定由日本人登记了的中国人(马和殷)动身前往地处汉西门的马的住房去探望马失明的母亲。邻居告诉他们,她被日本兵打死了,他们看到的是她的尸体。在返回安全区的路上,他们被日本士兵拦住。日本士兵抢走他们的衣服,然后用刺刀戳他们,并把他们扔进了一条沟里。但是这两个中国人只有一人死了,另一个人苏醒了过来,爬出了沟。看到这一情形有同情心的同胞给了他衣服,因此他得以回到蚕厂。朋友们用一张床把他从那儿抬到了我们总部。菲奇先生张罗着把他送进了鼓楼医院。(受伤者向吴先生报告)

  注意:这是想重返住所的难民对遇到种种困难的一系列抱怨中的又一个抱怨。
目安箱バナー